Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the dengue virus, transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It is common in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, especially in urban and semi-urban areas. While many cases are mild, dengue can cause severe illness and even death. Vaccination is one of several important tools for prevention.

Who Should Consider Dengue Vaccination?

Vaccination is recommended for:

• Individuals living in or frequently traveling to dengue-endemic areas

• People with a documented history of prior dengue infection (for some vaccines)

• Children and adolescents in dengue-prone countries (depending on national guidelines)

Available Dengue Vaccines

1. Dengvaxia® (CYD-TDV)

The first licensed dengue vaccine

• Type: Live attenuated tetravalent vaccine (protects against all 4 dengue virus serotypes)

• Approved for: Ages 9–16 years in endemic areas with prior dengue infection

• Dosage: 3 doses over 12 months (0, 6, and 12 months)

• Effectiveness: About 60% overall; higher in those previously infected

• Important note: Not recommended for dengue-naïve individuals due to risk of severe dengue upon subsequent infection

2. Qdenga® (TAK-003)

A newer dengue vaccine developed by Takeda

• Type: Live attenuated tetravalent vaccine

• Approved in: EU, Indonesia, Brazil, Thailand, and others

• Approved for: Ages 4 and older, regardless of prior dengue exposure

• Dosage: 2 doses given 3 months apart

• Effectiveness: Around 80% overall; provides long-term protection against hospitalization and severe disease

• Advantages: Can be given to both dengue-naïve and previously infected individuals

Side Effects and Safety

• Common mild side effects: injection site pain, headache, fatigue, mild fever

• Severe adverse reactions are rare

• Qdenga® is currently seen as a safer option for broader use due to its effectiveness in dengue-naïve individuals

Other Preventive Measures

Vaccination should be used alongside mosquito control and personal protection:

• Use insect repellent with DEET or picaridin

• Wear long sleeves and pants, especially during early morning and late afternoon

• Use mosquito nets and stay in screened or air-conditioned accommodations

• Eliminate standing water around living areas to reduce mosquito breeding